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Brazil: Five Centuries of Change

Brazil: Five Centuries of Change

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  • Chapters
    • Chapter 1: The Making of Colonial Brazil, 1500-1694
      • 1.1 Brazilwood
      • 1.2 Feitorias and Engenhos: The Changing Economy of Colonial Brazil
      • 1.3 Captaincies-General: The Structure of Governance in Colonial Brazil
      • 1.4 Bandeirantes, Natives, and Indigenous Slavery
      • 1.5 Dutch Occupation
    • Chapter 2: A New Colonial Order, 1695-1821
      • 2.1 Gold Discovered
      • 2.2 The Jesuit Order in Colonial Brazil
      • 2.3 The African Slave Trade and Slave Life
      • 2.4 Enlightenment and Conspiracies
    • Chapter 3: Independent Brazil and the Consolidation of a Nation, 1822-1850
      • 3.1 Pedro I and Pedro II
      • 3.2 Conflicts with Neighbors to the South
      • 3.3 Coffee
    • Chapter 4: Late Imperial Brazil, 1851-1888
      • 4.1 The Paraguayan War
      • 4.2 Slavery in the 19th Century
      • 4.3 Abolition
      • 4.4 Positivism
      • 4.5 Immigration
    • Chapter 5: Republican Brazil, 1889-1930
      • 5.1 Racial Thought After Abolition
      • 5.2 The Vaccine Riots and Modernization Challenges in Rio de Janeiro
      • 5.3 Modern Art Week and the Rise of Brazilian Modernism
      • 5.4 Brazil’s Image Abroad
      • 5.5 The Rise of the Military in Politics: From the Old Republic to Estado Novo
    • Chapter 6: The Vargas Era, 1930-1945
      • 6.1 Getúlio Vargas
      • 6.2 Communists and Fascists
      • 6.3 Economy under Vargas
      • 6.4 Estado Novo and Authoritarian Centralization
      • 6.5 Cultural Exchange in the Forging of Brazil’s Special Relationship with the U.S.
    • Chapter 7: Experiments in Democracy, 1946-1964
      • Return of Vargas
      • Juscelino Kubitschek
        • Bossa Nova
        • Brazilian Futebol and the 1958 World Cup
        • Black Orpheus
        • Brasília
      • Jânio Quadros
      • João Goulart
        • Base Reforms and Mobilization under Goulart
        • Lead up to the Coup
    • Chapter 8: Rule of the Military, 1964-1985
      • Cinema Novo
      • “The Country That Saved Itself”
      • The Economic “Miracle”
      • Military Presidents
        • Castelo Branco
        • Costa e Silva
        • Médici
        • Geisel
        • Figueiredo
      • The Rise of Student Movements
      • International Opposition to the Military
    • Chapter 9: The Return to Democracy, 1985-1994
      • Turbulence in the Presidency
        • José Sarney (1985-1990)
        • Fernando Color de Mello (1990-1992)
        • Itamar Franco (1992-1994)
      • AIDS
        • History of HIV/AIDS in Brazil
        • Cazuza: Brazil’s First Public “Face of AIDS”
        • Renato Russo: Contradictions in Music and Life
      • Income Equality
      • Fernando Henrique Cardoso and The Plano Real
        • Interview with Brazilian economist Persio Arida
      • Brazilians in the U.S.
      • Favelas in Rio de Janeiro, Past and Present
    • Chapter 10: Consolidating Democracy, 1995-2006
      • Cardoso Privatizations
      • Luiz Ignácio Lula da Silva
        • Lula’s First Term
      • Bolsa Familia and Universities
    • Chapter 11: Brazil Polarized, 2007 to the Present
      • Lula’s Second Term
      • Dilma Rousseff
        • 2013 Protests
        • 2014 World Cup
        • Dilma’s Impeachment
      • Michel Temer
      • Operation Car Wash
        • Lula Imprisoned
      • International Mobilizations against Bolsonaro
  • Glossary
  • Films and Literature
    • Brazil in the Movies
    • Recommended Literature
  • Bibliography
    • Bibliography vol.3 pt 2
  • Site Credits

Chapters

  • Chapter 1
    • Brazilwood
    • Captaincies-General
    • Feitorias and Engenhos
    • Gold Discovered
  • Chapter 2
    • The Jesuits
    • Bandeirantes, Natives, and Indigenous Slavery
    • The Slave Trade and Slave Life
  • Chapter 3
    • Pedro I and Pedro II
    • Political Instability in 19th-Century Brazil
    • Slavery and Abolition
    • Coffee
  • Chapter 4
    • Abolition
    • Positivism
    • Racial Thought After Abolition
    • Immigration
  • Chapter 5
    • Modernization in Rio de Janeiro
    • Modern Art Week
    • Rudyard Kipling’s Brazilian Sketches
    • The Military in Politics
    • Cultural Exchange and the “Special Relationship”
  • Chapter 6
    • Return of Vargas
    • Presidents Under the “Return to Democracy”
      • Juscelino Kubitschek
      • Jânio Quadros
      • João Goulart
    • Black Orpheus
    • Bossa Nova
    • Football and the 1958 World Cup
    • Brasília
    • Economic Crisis
  • Chapter 7
    • “The Country That Saved Itself”
    • Military Rule
      • Castelo Branco
      • Costa e Silva
      • Medici
      • Geisel
      • Figueiredo
    • The Economic “Miracle”
    • The Rise of Student Movements
  • Chapter 8
    • AIDS
      • Cazuza
      • Renato Russo
    • Income Equality
    • Fernando Henrique Cardoso
      • Interview with Persio Arida
  • Chapter 9
    • History of Rio’s Favelas
    • Rio de Janeiro Faces the Olympics
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