{"id":870,"date":"2020-06-16T16:33:08","date_gmt":"2020-06-16T16:33:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/?p=870"},"modified":"2026-04-10T15:05:49","modified_gmt":"2026-04-10T15:05:49","slug":"semana-v-primeira-guerra-mundial-e-a-grande-depressao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/pt\/semana-v-primeira-guerra-mundial-e-a-grande-depressao\/","title":{"rendered":"Semana V &#8211; Primeira Guerra Mundial e a Grande Depress\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"http:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/pasted-image-0-3.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"216\" src=\"http:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/pasted-image-0-3-300x216.png\" alt=\"A vintage illustration of the Serra Viaduct on the S\u00e3o Paulo Railway in 1868, showing a train bridge crossing a steep, forested valley.\" class=\"wp-image-720\" srcset=\"https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/pasted-image-0-3-300x216.png 300w, https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/pasted-image-0-3-100x72.png 100w, https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/pasted-image-0-3-150x108.png 150w, https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/pasted-image-0-3-200x144.png 200w, https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/pasted-image-0-3-450x323.png 450w, https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/pasted-image-0-3.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"http:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/pasted-image-0-4.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"224\" src=\"http:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/pasted-image-0-4-300x224.png\" alt=\"A black-and-white historical photograph of Get\u00falio Vargas standing with members of the 1930 revolutionary military junta in Brazil.\" class=\"wp-image-721\" srcset=\"https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/pasted-image-0-4-300x224.png 300w, https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/pasted-image-0-4-768x574.png 768w, https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/pasted-image-0-4-1024x765.png 1024w, https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/pasted-image-0-4-100x75.png 100w, https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/pasted-image-0-4-150x112.png 150w, https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/pasted-image-0-4-200x150.png 200w, https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/pasted-image-0-4-450x336.png 450w, https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/pasted-image-0-4-600x449.png 600w, https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/pasted-image-0-4-900x673.png 900w, https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/pasted-image-0-4.png 1204w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The Serra Viaduct, S\u00e3o Paulo&#8217;s Railway, Brazil (Harper&#8217;s Weekly, Vol. 12, n\u00ba 623, 1868).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Get\u00falio Vargas e Junta Governativa (Arquivo Cordeiro de Farias, CPDOC, FGV)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A Primeira Guerra Mundial sinalizou uma mudan\u00e7a nas balan\u00e7as de poder mundialmente, e isso afetou o Brasil. Antes da guerra, a Inglaterra era a pot\u00eancia estrangeira mais influente no Brasil, com cidad\u00e3os do Reino Unido donos da maior parte das d\u00edvidas e a\u00e7\u00f5es de companhias brasileiras. No entanto, enquanto o Reino Unido perdia fundos devido \u00e0 guerra, os Estados Unidos emergiram como o \u00fanico aliado capaz de prover ao Brasil os mercados de cr\u00e9dito e de consumo de que precisava. Essa mudan\u00e7a gradual nas rela\u00e7\u00f5es de poder n\u00e3o foi imediata nem passiva. Tanto o Departamento de Estado dos Estados Unidos quanto o Escrit\u00f3rio Estrangeiro do Reino Unido se engajaram em estrat\u00e9gias para ganhar o favor de autoridades brasileiras. O Brasil vezes aceitou e vezes resistiu investidas vistas como infringentes a sua soberania nacional. Ultimamente, no entanto, mudan\u00e7as tecnol\u00f3gicas e mudan\u00e7as de riqueza ao redor do mundo levaram \u00e0 inevit\u00e1vel ascens\u00e3o dos Estados Unidos como superpot\u00eancia emergente e maior aliado Brasileiro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O corpo diplom\u00e1tico Brasileiro, com uma estrutura que ainda espelhava as atitudes do tempo imperial, se engajou n\u00e3o apenas em atividades comerciais, mas tamb\u00e9m em diplomacia &#8220;anti-revolucion\u00e1ria&#8221;, tentando controlar a imigra\u00e7\u00e3o de pessoas &#8220;indesej\u00e1veis&#8221; da Europa que poderiam trazer ideais anarquistas e comunistas para o pais. Tal medo de amea\u00e7as externas, no entanto, se mostraram infundadas, visto que a Primeira Rep\u00fablica encontrou seu fim devido a divis\u00f5es internas na elite do pais, com a ascens\u00e3o de Get\u00falio Vargas, e n\u00e3o  devido a subversivos estrangeiros. Vargas governaria o pa\u00eds atrav\u00e9s das repercuss\u00f5es da Crise de 1929, que causou a implos\u00e3o do pre\u00e7o do caf\u00e9, a principal commodity brasileira.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Leitura:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Eugenio V Garcia, \u201cEstados Unidos e Gr\u00e3-Bretanha no Brasil: \u201cTransi\u00e7\u00e3o de Poder no Entreguerras\u201d | <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1SCDsSxNPOQW-jEXvhOXYXZsMkmgqohkh\/view?usp=sharing\">Portugu\u00eas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mateus Fernandes Xavier, &#8220;A Coluna Prestes e Seus Impactos nas Rela\u00e7\u00f5es Internacionais do Brasil&#8221;. | <a href=\"http:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/2936-10723-1-PB.pdf\">Portugu\u00eas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Documentos:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sele\u00e7\u00e3o, Get\u00falio Vargas Speech at Esplanada do Castelo, January 2nd, 1930. | <a href=\"http:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2020\/04\/Sele\u00e7\u00f5es-Perfil-de-Getulio-Vargas-2.pdf\">Portugu\u00eas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Leitura Complementar:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Texto Completo, Discursos de Get\u00falio Vargas, Biblioteca Digital da C\u00e2mara dos Deputados | <a href=\"https:\/\/www2.camara.leg.br\/atividade-legislativa\/plenario\/discursos\/escrevendohistoria\/getulio-vargas\/perfil-parlamentar-de-getulio-vargas\">Portugu\u00eas<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Serra Viaduct, S\u00e3o Paulo&#8217;s Railway, Brazil (Harper&#8217;s Weekly, Vol. 12, n\u00ba 623, 1868). Get\u00falio Vargas e Junta Governativa (Arquivo Cordeiro de Farias, CPDOC, FGV) A Primeira Guerra Mundial sinalizou uma mudan\u00e7a nas balan\u00e7as de poder mundialmente, e isso afetou o Brasil. Antes da guerra, a Inglaterra era a pot\u00eancia estrangeira mais influente no Brasil, <a href=\"https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/pt\/semana-v-primeira-guerra-mundial-e-a-grande-depressao\/\" class=\"more-link\">&#8230;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">  Semana V &#8211; Primeira Guerra Mundial e a Grande Depress\u00e3o<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":104,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-870","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized-pt"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/870","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/104"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=870"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/870\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1164,"href":"https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/870\/revisions\/1164"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=870"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=870"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.brown.edu\/create\/openingthearchives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=870"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}